World Commonwealth Charter

The World Commonwealth is a communist union of the world's peoples that is not based on a sovereign state system, in place of the United Nations (UN), which currently functions as a federation of sovereign states in the world. This is the futuristic framework proposed in my On Communism . Although the World Commonwealth itself is not a nation--therefore, it is completely different from the so-called "world federation" theory--it is a single governing structure that encompasses the entire globe, and it has basic law. This is the World Commonwealth Charter.  The World Commonwealth Charter can be said to be a fundamental law comparable to the United Nations Charter. However, unlike the UN Charter, which is merely a treaty law that mainly stipulates the basis for the establishment and organizational structure of the UN, the World Commonwealth Charter is a unified legal source for zonal charters that correspond to the constitutions of each zone that makes up the World Commonwe...

(English version) Chapter 31: SIGNATURE AND RATIFICATION Article 172 1. This Charter must be ratified in accordance with the proper procedures by each zone which has signed it or by each territorial governing body which wishes to join (hereinafter referred to in this Article as the "signatory parties"). 2. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the World Commons' Convention, which shall notify all the signatory parties and, when such a person is appointed, the Chief Secretary of the Convention of each deposit. 3. This Charter shall come into force when a majority of the signatory parties have deposited their instruments of ratification. The record of the deposit of the instruments of ratification shall then be drawn up by the World Commons' Convention, which shall transmit copies to all the Signatory Parties. 4. Any signatory to this Charter which ratifies it after it comes into force shall become a member of the World Commonwealth on the date of the ...

(English version) Chapter 30: Amendments Article 170 Amendments to this Charter shall come into force for all the constituent entities of the World Commonwealth when they are adopted by a two-thirds majority vote of the General Conference consisting of all the constituent entities of the World Commonwealth, upon a proposal made by a two-thirds vote of the total number of delegates of the General Assembly (including a special representative of the Autonomous Zones of Direct Jurisdiction but excluding special delegates; the same applies hereinafter in this Chapter), and when they are ratified by four-fifths of those constituent entities in accordance with their respective constitutional procedures. Article 171 The General Conference referred to in the previous article shall be held at the World Commonwealth Headquarters on a date and time to be determined by a two-thirds vote of the total number of delegates of the General Assembly. Each of the constituent entities of the World Commonwea...

(English version)  Chapter 27: Miscellaneous Provisions Article 165 1. All treaties and transnational agreements concluded by the constituent entities of the World Commonwealth after this Charter comes into force shall be promptly registered with the Secretariat and published by the Secretariat. 2. A constituent entity which is a party to a treaty or agreement referred to in the preceding paragraph which has not been registered in accordance with the provisions of that paragraph may not invoke that treaty or agreement before any organ of the World Commonwealth. Article 166 In the event of a conflict between the obligations of a constituent entity of the World Commonwealth under this Charter and those under any other transnational  agreement, the obligations under this Charter shall prevail. Article 167 1. The Organization shall enjoy in the domain of each of its constituent entity such legal capacity as is necessary for the performance of its functions and the achievement...

(English version) Chapter 26: Independent Inquiry and Impeachment INDEPENDENT INQUIRY Article 158 The General Assembly of the World Commonwealth may appoint an independent commission of inquiry to investigate any irregularity or misconduct involving any organ of the Organization or any member of such organ. Article 159 1. In carrying out its functions, the independent commission of inquiry shall not seek or receive instructions from any member of the World Commonwealth or from any other authority outside the Organization. 2. No member of the World Commonwealth shall attempt to influence the independent commission of inquiry in the performance of its responsibilities. Article 160 The independent commission of inquiry may, when it deems necessary for its investigation, summon persons concerned, request the submission of documents and other records, or conduct on-site investigations, pursuant to a warrant issued by the Board of Human Rights Review and Enforcement. Article 161 1. After com...

(English version) Chapter 25: Secretariat and Personnel Council Secretariat Article 152 The Secretariat shall consist of a Chief Secretary and such staff as the Organization may require. The Chief Secretary shall be appointed and dismissed by the General Assembly of the World Commonwealth. The Chief Secretary shall be the head of the administrative staff of the Organization. Article 153 The Chief Secretary shall report annually on the activities of the Secretariat to the General Assembly and to The Conference of the Grand-Zonal Permanent Representatives Plenipotentiary Article 154 1. In carrying out their duties, the Chief Secretary and staff shall not seek or receive instructions from any of the World Commonwealth's constituent entities or from any other authority outside the Organization.They shall refrain from any action that may prejudice their status as civil officials responsible only to the Organization. 2. Each constituent entity of the World Commonwealth shall respect the ...

(English version) Chapter 24: Independent Religious Autonomous Regions Article 146 1. The World Commonwealth may recognize, by accord, regions in which a particular religious organization or religious authority exercises independent self-governance. 2. The recognition in the preceding paragraph shall be conditional on each region respecting this Charter, provided that this does not conflict with its religious tenets. 3. The accord in paragraph 1 shall come into force after being approved by the General Assembly of the World Commonwealth. Article 147 After the accord in the preceding article comes into force, the World Commonwealth shall appoint a special resident representative in each Independent Religious Autonomous Regions. Article 148 1. An Independent Religious Autonomous Regions may send one observer to the General Assembly. 2. The observer in the preceding paragraph may participate in the deliberations of the General Assembly and express his/her opinion. Article 149 Independent ...

(English version) Chapter 23: Trust Proxy Governance REQUIREMENTS AND DURATION OF TRUST PROXY GOVERNANCE Article 142 1. The World Commonwealth may directly govern a constituent subject of the World Commonwealth for a period not exceeding five years, based on a trust of the constituent subject whose self-governance has become impossible due to war, disaster or other major events. 2. The trust proxy governance referred to in the previous article shall be decided by a resolution of the Commons' Convention of the constituent subject. 3. The term of trust proxy governance may be extended for a period of two years only, at the request of the local representative body of the Zone of Trust Proxy Governance and at the resolution of the General Assembly of the World Commonwealth. THE TRUST PROXY GOVERNANCE MECHANISM Article 143 1. Trust proxy governance shall be exercised through the Trust Proxy Governance Mechanism established by the General Assembly. 2. The Mechanism referred to in the pre...

(English version) Chapter 22: Space Exploration BASIC PRINCIPLES Article 139 1. The exploration and use of outer space, including celestial bodies, is a universal activity carried out through the World Commonwealth for the benefit of all mankind. 2. The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not impair the right of any member of the World Commonwealth or private exploration organization to freely explore outer space, including celestial bodies, without discrimination of any kind, on a basis of equality and in accordance with this Charter and other relevant treaties. 3. Outer space, including celestial bodies, does not belong to anyone. It is therefore not subject to the exclusive appropriation of any person by claims of sovereignty or ownership, by use or occupation or by any other means. 4. Outer space, including celestial bodies, shall be used exclusively for peaceful purposes by all members of the World Commonwealth. The establishment of military bases, military installations a...

(English version) Chapter 21: Global Environmental Observation Article 136 1. The World Commonwealth shall establish Global Environmental Observation Center as auxiliary organs of the General Assembly of the World Commonwealth in key locations, including Antarctica and the Arctic, for the purpose of regular observation of the global environment. 2. The Center in the preceding paragraph shall report their observation results to the General Assembly once a year. However, it shall report immediately in the event of a global environmental emergency. 3. As a partner organization of the World Environment Programme, the Center shall provide information or data at any time as required. 4. The Center shall provide necessary information or data at any time upon request from the principal organizations and other organizations of the World Commonwealth. Article 137 The Center shall not be subject to interference from the organizations of the World Commonwealth or any other outside party with regar...

(English version) Chapter 20: The Charter Council Article 132 1. The Charter Council shall consist of 15 Zones of the World Commonwealth selected by lottery at the General Assembly. 2. The member Zones of the Council shall be selected by lottery for a term of five years. The retiring member Zones are not eligible to continue being drawn by lottery. 3. The Council shall consist of special delegates of each zone who hold legal qualifications and who have been appointed by the Commons' Convention of each memeber Zone. 4. The Chair and Deputy-Chair of the Council shall be elected by lottery from among the special delegates, each for a term of one year. Article 133 1. The Council shall have the power, upon the request of the parties to the dispute, to correct a judicial decision made by a final judicial body in a constituent entity of the World Commonwealth through a proper interpretation of the Charter, if that judicial decision violates the Charter of the World Commonwealth. 2. The Co...

(English version) Chapter 19: The Social and Cultural Council VOTING Article 127 1. Each member Zone of ​​the Social and Cultural Council shall have one vote. 2. Decisions of the Social and Cultural Council shall be made by a majority of the menber Zones present and voting. PROCEDURE Article 128 The Social and Cultural Council shall appoint permanent or temporary committees in social fields, a committee on the promotion of human rights, and such other committees as may be necessary for the performance of its functions. Article 129 The Social and Cultural Council shall invite any constituent entity of the World Commonwealth, other than memebers of ​​the Council, to participate, without voting rights, in the deliberations on matters which concern it specifically. Any constituent entity of the World Commonwealth, other than member Zones of ​​the Council, may request to be included, without voting right, in the deliberations on any matter which specifically concerns it. Article 130 1. The ...

(English version) Chapter 19: The Social and Cultural Council COMPOSITION Article 122 1. The Social and Cultural Council shall consist of 30 Zones and Autonomous Zones of Direct Jurisdiction of the World Commonwealth selected by lottery at the General Assembly. 2. The member Zone of the Council shall be selected by lottery for a term of three years. The retiring member Zones are not eligible to continue being drawn by lottery. 3. Each member Zone of ​​the Council shall be represented by a delegate of the General Assembly. In the event that a delegate of the General Assembly is unable to serve, the member Zone may be represented by an alternate. 4. A Autonomous Zones of Direct Jurisdiction shall be represented on the Council by a special representative of the Autonomous Zones of Direct Jurisdiction or his/her alternate. In this case, the provisions of paragraph 2 shall not apply. 5. Each Zone ​​the World Commonwealth that is not a member of the Council may send one observer to the Counc...

(English version) Chapter 18: Transnational Investigative Agency Article 119 1. The General Assembly of the World Commonwealth shall establish the Transnational Investigative Agency to develop investigative activities across the boundaries of the Zones or the Autonomous Zones of Direct Jurisdiction or cases involving crimes against humanity. 2. The administration of the Agency shall be supervised by an Executive Committee, complemented by a permanent secretariat in each Zone or Autonomous Zone of Direct Jurisdiction. 3. The Agency shall report on its activities to the General Assembly annually or as necessary. 4. Details of the Agency shall be governed by regulations established separately, except as provided for in this Charter. Article 120 1. The Agency may arrest suspects on the basis of a warrant issued by a judge of the Board of Human Rights Review and Enforcement, when it deems it necessary for the purposes of the investigation. 2. Every Zone or Autonomous Zones of Direct Jurisdi...

(English version) Chapter 17: The Special Humanitarian Tribunal Significance Article 114 1. The Special Humanitarian Tribunal is an impeachment tribunal established by The Board of Human Rights Review and Enforcement to pursue the responsibility of individuals and organizations involved in crimes against humanity. The Tribunal shall perform its duties in accordance with the attached Statute, except as provided for in this Charter. 2. The location of the Tribunal shall be determined by the Human Rights Inspection Board, taking into consideration neutrality, geographical conditions and other circumstances. Composition, etc. Article 115 1. The judges of theTribunal shall be nine judges and alternate judges, one of each of which shall be selected by lottery from among the constituent entities of the World Commonwealth, excluding the entity to which the party to be tried belongs. 2. In principle, the judges and alternate judges shall serve exclusively until the verdict is reached. 3. The Co...

Chapter 15: Fundamental Human Rights Supplementary Provisions Article 106 1. Anyone born within the World Commonwealth is automatically granted World Commonwealth citizenship. 2. In all other cases, World Commonwealth citizenship is automatically granted by registration as a resident of one of the constituent Zone or the Autonomous Zones of Direct Jurisdiction  of the World Commonwealth. 3. World Commonwealth citizenship expires only upon official certification of the holder's death. Article 107 1. The rights and freedoms guaranteed by this Charter must be maintained by the constant and concerted efforts of all individuals, legal persons and other groups within  the World Commonwalth and if violated, they must be fought for by any peaceful means possible. 2. In the exercise of his or her rights and freedoms guaranteed by this Charter, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of ensuring due recognition and respect for t...

(English version) Chapter 15: Fundamental Human Rights FREEDOM Article 97 1. No one shall be infringed upon in life or person without due cause and without a fair judicial process, either prior or post facto. Torture is absolutely prohibited under all circumstances. 2. No one shall be sentenced to death or to any other deprivation of life within the World Commonwealth, unless otherwise provided for in this Charter. 3. Slavery or slavery practices are absolutely prohibited, with or without the consent of the parties involved. 4. Human experimentation is absolutely prohibited, with or without the consent of the parties involved. However, medically advanced clinical trials based on strict protocols do not fall under the category of human experimentation under this section. Article 98 1. No one shall be subjected to unjustified interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to equal protection of the law ...